What is fertilizer and why do plants need it?
A plant needs a number of different chemical elements to grow.
The most important of Bio fertilizer in Pakistan are: 1- Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen: It is present in air and water and as a result, it is abundant in supply.
2- Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium: three nutrients and three elements found in most packaged fertilizers.
3- Sulfur, calcium and magnesium: secondary nutrients
4- Boron, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum and zinc: nutrients
The most important of them (the ones that are needed the most by a plant) are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
These substances are important because they are essential for amino acids and plant cell membranes and ATP (energy sources of all cells).
For example : Each amino acid contains nitrogen.
Each molecule that makes up the cell membrane, as well as each ATP molecule, contains phosphorus.
Potassium constitutes 1 to 2% of the weight of each plant and is essential as an ion in cells for metabolism.
Without nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the plant simply cannot grow because it cannot produce the plant parts it needs.
If any of the nutrients obtained from the soil are not available in the soil and the soil cannot provide that substance, it will limit the growth rate of the plant.
In nature, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are often obtained from decaying plants that have died.
In the case of nitrogen, the recycling of nitrogen from dead plants to living plants is often the only source of nitrogen supply in the soil.
In order for plants to grow faster, the elements that plants need should be made readily available to them.
Fertilizer is used for this purpose.
Most fertilizers provide only nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as the other chemicals are needed in very small amounts and are intentionally available in the same small amounts in most soils.
But the availability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is a big limitation for growth, which can be overcome with fertilizers.
The numbers on a bag of fertilizer tell you the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the bag.
Therefore, 12-8-10 complete fertilizer has 12% nitrogen, 8% phosphorus and 10% potassium.
Some people ask why humans don’t need fertilizer to grow.
Because humans get everything they need from the plants we eat or from the meat of animals that eat plants.
In fact, plants are factories that do all the work to process the essential elements for human growth and convert them into edible form and make them available to humans.
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